Which statement describes changes commonly associated with aging?

• A. Increased bone density, stronger muscles
• B. Less bone mass, loss of bone density, muscle cells are lost, elasticity of muscle fibers is decreased
• C. No changes in bone or muscle with aging
• D. Increased bone mass and density

Answer: (B)

Aging commonly brings bone loss and muscle changes, including decreased bone mass and density, loss of muscle cells, and reduced elasticity of muscle fibers. Bone remodeling slows with age, so bone resorption can outpace formation, leading to lighter, more porous bones and a higher risk of fractures. At the same time, muscles tend to lose mass and strength (sarcopenia) due to fewer motor units and changes in protein synthesis and hormones. The connective tissue within muscles also becomes less flexible, so the elasticity of muscle fibers decreases, contributing to stiffness and slower movement.

These changes align with the idea that bone density declines and muscles lose cells and flexibility as part of aging. The other options describe opposite trends (increased bone density or mass, or no changes), which are not typical aging patterns.